What is VIA Disc Injection?
VIA disc injection is a regenerative therapy used to treat degenerative disc disease (DDD) and other spine-related issues. It involves injecting allogeneic (donor) disc material directly into the intervertebral disc. This procedure aims to promote healing and regeneration of the disc tissue, thereby reducing pain and improving function.
Indications for VIA Disc Injection
VIA disc injection is typically recommended to address chronic lower back pain associated with degenerative disc disease (DDD) when other conservative measures have failed to provide significant pain relief.
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) refers to the gradual deterioration of the intervertebral discs between the vertebrae. The intervertebral disc is composed of a ring called the annulus fibrosis that encloses a gelatinous inner structure called the nucleus pulposus. The discs are kept in position with the help of endplates between two vertebral bodies. The intervertebral discs act as shock absorbers.
As we age, discs can undergo significant wear and tear which can lead to loss of water within the disc and disc degeneration. Over time, disc degeneration can exacerbate which causes further pain and discomfort. If left untreated degenerative disc disease can develop and lead to other painful conditions, such as scoliosis, spondylolysis, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, and osteoarthritis.
Preparation for VIA Disc Injection
In general, preparation for VIA disc injection may include the following:
- Your doctor will review your medical history, including any previous treatments for back pain and existing health conditions.
- A physical examination will be conducted to assess your overall health and the specific condition of your spine.
- Imaging studies such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or CT (Computed Tomography) scans are used to identify the exact location and extent of disc degeneration.
- Inform your doctor about all medications and supplements you are taking. You may need to stop taking certain medications, such as blood thinners that may affect blood clotting during surgery.
- You may be instructed to avoid eating or drinking for a certain period (usually 6-8 hours) before the procedure if sedation is planned.
Procedure for VIA Disc Injection
VIA disc injection procedure is usually performed on an outpatient basis and is minimally invasive, meaning it involves only a small injection and does not require significant surgery. In general, the procedure involves the following steps:
- The patient is positioned on their stomach or side on the procedure table to allow optimal access to the lower back.
- The skin over the injection site is thoroughly cleaned and sterilized to reduce the risk of infection.
- A local anesthetic is administered to numb the area where the injection will be made.
- Using fluoroscopy (a type of live X-ray), the doctor carefully guides a needle into the damaged intervertebral disc. The fluoroscopic guidance ensures precise placement of the needle.
- The VIA Disc product, which includes allogeneic (donor) disc tissue and micronized disc materials is injected slowly into the nucleus pulposus of the degenerated disc, the inner core of the intervertebral disc. This stimulates the body's natural healing process, reduces inflammation, and promotes the regeneration of disc tissue.
- After the injection is completed, the needle is carefully removed.
Post-Procedure Care and Recovery
The patient is moved to a recovery area where they are monitored for any immediate side effects or complications. The patient is usually able to go home the same day. The patient is advised to avoid strenuous activities and heavy lifting for a specified period to allow the injected material to integrate with the disc tissue. Over-the-counter pain relievers may be recommended if there is any discomfort at the injection site. A follow-up appointment is scheduled to assess the patient’s response to the treatment and monitor progress. Physical therapy or rehabilitation may be recommended to support recovery and improve outcomes.
Risks and Complications
Potential risks of VIA disc injection include the following:
- Pain or swelling at the injection site
- Nerve damage
- Allergic reactions
- Infection
- Bleeding
Benefits
Benefits of VIA disc injection include the following:
- Minimally invasive
- Pain relief
- Promotes disc regeneration
- Improved quality of life
- Short recovery time
